ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”

ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื โ€“ ืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ ืžื•ื ื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช


ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“, ื—ื”''ื› ื‘ื ื™ ื’ื ืฅ ืกื™ื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืขื ื—ื”''ื› ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื• ืœืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ: ''ืžืฆืคื” ืœื”ืคืฉื™ืœ ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœืžืขืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ''

ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”  14-05-2020



ืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ ื‘ื›ื ืก ื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ. ืฆื™ืœื•ื: ื“ื ื” ื‘ืจ-ืื•ืŸ - ื‘ืื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ืช

ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ: ืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ (63) ืžืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืžืคืœืกื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ืš "ื—ื•ื–ืจ" ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช. ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉื–ื” ืงืจื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืจื™ืช ื ื•ืงื“ (ืฉืคื™ื™ื) ื›ืฉืจืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 2011.

» ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ? ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื ื• ืœืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง

ืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื ืก, ืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ: "ืฉืžื—ืชื™ ืœื”ืชื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื’ื ืฅ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื™ ืื“ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉื ืชืŸ ื‘ื™, ื•ืžืฆืคื” ืœื”ืคืฉื™ืœ ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœืžืขืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœืด.

ืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื•ืขืฉื” ืืช ื›ืœ ืฉื ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืžืคืœืกื™ื ืฉื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืขืจ ื”ื ื’ื‘, ืžื™ืœื ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื•, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืขื‘ืจ ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืฉื™ืžืฉ ื›ืจื›ื– ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื‘ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืขืจ ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืกื’ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2002 ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื›ื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืขื“ ืœืฉื ืช 2018, ืขืช ื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืจืฉื™ืžืช ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช ื”-21. ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ ื›ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืœื•ื•ืชื” ื‘ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ืจื™ ืžืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื” ืืœ ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ื˜ืฃ ื•ื‘ืกื‘ื‘ื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื” ื”ืงืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ – ื’ืฉืžื™ ืงื™ืฅ, ืขื•ืคืจืช ื™ืฆื•ืงื”, ืขืžื•ื“ ืขื ืŸ ื•ืฆื•ืง ืื™ืชืŸ.

ืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื ืก ืคืขืœ ืœืœื ืœืื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ื˜ืฃ ื•ืžื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2009 ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืื•ืช "ืื‘ื™ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ" ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ืชื—ืช ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื™ืช "ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™". ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืคืจืก: "ื‘ื”ื•ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืžื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ ืœื—ื•ืกื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืชื ื•ืคืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืื›ืœื•ืก - ืชื—ืช ืืฉ ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื’ื™ืขื”. ืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื•ืžื•ืคืช ืœืžืขืฉื” ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืœื‘ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืงื• ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฆื™ืจื”".

ื ื™ืจ ืžืื™ืจ, ืžื–ื›"ืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ืช ื‘ื™ืจืš ืืช ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžืกืชืžืŸ, ื•ืืžืจ: "ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช. ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืช ื•ืื™ื—ื•ืœื™ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ืชืคื™ ืœื“ืจืš, ืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ, ืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืชื™ืง ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช "ืคืจืก ื ื™ื—ื•ืžื™ื" ืœืฉืจื™ื ืฉืœื ืจืฆื• ื‘ื•, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืฉืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืงืœืื™ ื‘ื ืฉืžืชื•, ืฉื—ื™ ื•ื ื•ืฉื ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ืฉื—ืงืœืื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื“ืžื•. ืžืฉืคื˜ ืžื•ื›ืจ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉ"ื˜ืจืงื˜ื•ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื—ื•ืจืฉ ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืฅ". ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื• ืืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืœื‘ื•ืฅ, ืืœื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ืœืฅ ืื•ืชื” ืœื“ืจืš ื—ื“ืฉื”. ืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ ื•ืžื•ืงื™ืจ ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื•. ื‘ืฉืžื™ ื•ื‘ืฉื ื›ืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ืช ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื›ืคืจื™ ื•ื—ืงืœืื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื•ืœื, ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืื—ืœ ืœืืœื•ืŸ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืจื‘ื”.

ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืฆืจืช ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืŸ. ืืœื•ืŸ, ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื”! ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ืš." ืืžืจ ื ื™ืจ ืžืื™ืจ.

ืžื–ื›ืดืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ืขื•ืดื“ ืขืžื™ืช ื™ืคืจื—: ืดื‘ืฉืžื™ ื•ื‘ืฉื ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื›ืคืจื™, ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชืš ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ืš ื›ืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ื–ื”ื• ื™ื•ื ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ืœืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื›ืคืจื™ ื•ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื›ื•ืœื”. ืืชื” ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืื“ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืžื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ืžื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื›ืคืจื™, ืžื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช. ื”ืฆืœื—ืชืš ื”ื™ื ื” ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื ื• ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื•ื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื— ืœื”ืฆืœื—ืชืš ื•ืœื”ืฆืขื“ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ืืด.

ืฉื™ ื—ื’ืณื’ืณ ื™ื•ืดืจ ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื: ืดื‘ืฉืžื™, ื‘ืฉืžื ืฉืœ ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืžื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชืš ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ืš ื›ืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ื›ืื“ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ื•ื›ืžื™ ืฉืขืžื“ ื‘ืจืืฉ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืขื™ืžื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ืžืชืื™ื ืžืžืš ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืขื ืฃ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ืžืกื™ืจื•ืชืš ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืขื ืฃ. ืื ื• ืžืฆื“ื ื• ื ืกื™ื™ืข ืœืš ื›ื›ื•ืœ ืฉื ื™ื“ืจืฉ.ืด

ื“"ืจ ืื™ื™ืœ ื‘ืœื•ื, ืจืืฉ ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื” ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื”: "ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืจืš ืืช ืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ ืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื ืก, ืขืœ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื• ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื”. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื‘ืขืจื‘ื” ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื•ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ื” ืžื”ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืชื•ืš ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื, ืœืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื›ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ืขืœืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื›ื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืขืชื™ื“ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ".

ื™ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื—ืกืŸ, ืžื ื›"ืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ: "ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืืช ืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืœืฉืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื™ืŸ ื›ืžื•ืชื•, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื”. ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื›ื•ืœื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื“ืจืš ืฉืชื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืื™ืชื ื” ื•ืฆื•ืžื—ืช, ืœืฆื“ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ืฉื”ื ื ืจ ืœืจื’ืœื™ื•".

ื–ืื‘ ืžื™ื“ืŸ, ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ: "ื“ื‘ื•ืจืื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืขื ืคื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ืฉืื“ื ืจืื•ื™ ื›ืžื• ืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืจ ื”ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืื“ืžื” ื•ืœื›ืคืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืคืชื—ื ื• ืœืฆื“ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ืคื•ืจื—ืช".

ืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช


ื’ื ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื 'ืœื“ื‘ืจ' - ืžื—ืงืจ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื

ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”

ื’ื ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื 'ืœื“ื‘ืจ'


ื”ืื ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืง ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืจื•ื›ืฉ ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ? ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื’ื™ืœื• ืฉื’ื•ืจื™ ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื ื”ื ื—ืฉืคื™ื ืœืคืกืงื•ืœ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืœ 'ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช' ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืชืงืฉืจ ื‘'ื ื™ื‘' ืฉืฉืžืขื• ื‘ื™ื ืงื•ืชื. ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืคื•ืจืกื ื”ืขืจื‘ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืขืช PLoS Biology

ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”  31-10-2017



ืžื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืฆื™ืœื•ื: ืžื™ื›ืœ ืกื™ืžื•ื ื™

ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉื ืขืจืš ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉื•ืคืš ืื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืžืกืงืจื ืช, ื”ืื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืื“ื, ืœืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ืžื™ื ื ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืœื“ืช ืื• ื ืœืžื“ืช?

ยป ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื? ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื ื• ืœืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง

ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืžืชืคืจืกื ื”ืขืจื‘ (ื’') ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืขืช PLoS Biology ื ืขืจืš ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ืค' ื™ื•ืกื™ ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืžื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœื–ื•ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ืžื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืกื’ื•ืœ ืœืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื•ื—, ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืคืจืช ื•ืœื™ื ื“ืกื™ ืื–ื•ืœืื™.

ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื—ืฉืฃ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจื™ ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื ืœืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” 'ื ื™ื‘ื™ื' ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื’ื™ืœื” ืฉื›ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื›ืŸ ืœื•ืžื“ืช 'ืœื“ื‘ืจ' ื‘ื ื™ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ืฉืžืข ืœื”.

"ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ืžืฉื—ืจ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”, ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ืžื•ืชืจ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืฉืคื” ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”," ืื•ืžืจ ืคืจื•ืค' ื™ื•ื‘ืœ. "ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื‘ืจืจ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื•ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืžื™ืขื™ื ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืขื˜ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื”ืขืœื• ืขื“ ื›ื” ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื—ื“-ืžืฉืžืขื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืœืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื˜ืœืคื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืช."

ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื›ืš, ื—ื•ืœืงื• ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื ืคืจื“ื•ืช โ€“ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื’ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื ื—ืฉืคื• ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืœืคืกืงื•ืœ ืื—ืจ โ€“ ืžืขื™ืŸ ื ื™ื‘ ืฉื•ื ื” - ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื: ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื—ืช ืฉืžืขื” ื”ืงืœื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื“ืจื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื, ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื ื—ืฉืคื” ืœืชื“ืจื™ื ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื, ื•ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื’ื“ืœื” ืขื ืคืกืงื•ืœ ืžืœื ืฉื›ืœืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช. ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืฉืžื™ืขื• ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื”ื•ืงืœื˜ื• ื•ืคื•ืขื ื—ื• ืžื“ื™ ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.


ืฆื™ืœื•ื: ืœื™ ื”ืจืชืืŸ - ื‘ืื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘

"ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื”ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืื›ืŸ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืข ืืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืืœื™ื”ื ื ื—ืฉืคื•," ืื•ืžืจ ืคืจื•ืค' ื™ื•ื‘ืœ. "ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื 'ืœื“ื‘ืจ' ื‘'ื ื™ื‘' ืฉืฉืžืขื• ื‘ื™ื ืงื•ืชื. ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืงื•ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื ื”ื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœืงื” ื ืจื›ืฉืช, ื•ื ืœืžื“ืช ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช: ื”ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืจืคืจื˜ื•ืืจ ื”ืงื•ืœื™ ื”ืžืœื ืฉืœื”ื, ืืœื ืงื•ืœื˜ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื."

ืžืกืงื ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืžื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืกืš ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื, ื•ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘'ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื' ืžื”ืื ืฉืžื’ื“ืœืช ืื•ืชื. ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืžื™ืขื” ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื•ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื” ื‘ืžืขืจื” ืฉื‘ื” ื ื•ืœื“ื•. ืžืžืฆื ื–ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจื™ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื: ื”ืžื—ืงืจื™ื, ืฉืจื•ื‘ื ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื”ืชืžืงื“ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื’ื•ื–ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืฉื™ืจ, ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื• ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื•ื–ืœื™ื (ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื’ื•ืจื™ ื”ืขื˜ืœืคื™ื) ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื.

"ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื ื• ืฉื•ืคืš ืื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฉืคื”, ื•ืžืฆื™ื‘ ืกื™ืžื ื™ ืฉืืœื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”," ืžืกื›ื ืคืจื•ืค' ื™ื•ื‘ืœ.

ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ื™ื•ืจื“ ื‘-3.3% - ื”ื”ื•ื–ืœื” ืœื ืชืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ - ืžื—ื™ืจ ื—ืœื‘ ื”ืžื˜ืจื” - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช

ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”

ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ื™ื•ืจื“ ื‘-3.3% - ื”ื”ื•ื–ืœื” ืœื ืชืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ


ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžื˜ืจื” - ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ื• ืจื•ื›ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ืžื”ืจืคืชื ื™ื, ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื“ื™ืง ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ืžืคื•ืงื—ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื—ืœื‘ ืฉืื™ื ื ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื—

ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”  24-12-2015



ืจืคืช ื—ืœื‘ ื‘ืขืจื‘ื”, ืฆื™ืœื•ื: ืฉืœื•ืžื™ืช ืงื™ื“ืจ

ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ืช ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ื‘ื• ืจื•ื›ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ ืžื”ืจืคืชื ื™ื ืžื“ื™ ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ (ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžื˜ืจื”), ืงื‘ืขื” ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช 2016 ืขืœ 1.8886 โ‚ช ื”ื—ืœ ืžื™ื ื•ืืจ. ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›- 6.5 ืื’ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืœื™ื˜ืจ, 3.3% ืžื”ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ื (1.9533 โ‚ช).

ยป ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื? ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื ื• ืœืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง

ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื”ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ื‘ื›- 13.6% ืฉื”ื ื›-30 ืื’' ืœืœื™ื˜ืจ, ื–ืืช ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื™ืจื™ื“ืช ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื—ืœื‘, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ืœืžืกืคื•ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืจืคืชื ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื›ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ืขื ืฃ ื”ื—ืœื‘ (ืžืชื•ื•ื” ืœื•ืงืจ).

''ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ืžืคื•ืงื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืœื ืžืคื•ืงื—ื™ื, ืืœื  ืฉืžื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ืžืคื•ืงื—ื™ื ืœืื•ืจ ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืžืžื ื• ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ืžืคื•ืงื—ื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ 3%, ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืœืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ'' ื›ืš ื ืžืกืจ ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช.

ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื. ื”ืžื—ืœื‘ื•ืช ืจืฉืื™ื•ืช ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ืœื ืžืคื•ืงื—ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืจืฆื•ื ืŸ, ืœืคื™ ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™.

ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืช''ื: ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืกื•ื—ืจื™ ื‘ืฉืจ โ€“ ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ, ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ? - ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืžื›ืก ืขืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืขื’ืœื™ื

ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”

ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืช''ื: ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืกื•ื—ืจื™ ื‘ืฉืจ โ€“ ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ, ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ?


ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืžืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืคื’ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืช''ื ื ื’ื“ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื›ืก ืขืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืขื’ืœื™ื, ื•ืœื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื ืžื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ. ''ื”ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ืžื”ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื ืœื ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื ืืœื ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ืฉื™ื™ื”ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืžื›ืก ื•ื™ื”ื ื• ืžื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ''. ื”ืฉืจ ืขืžื™ืจ ืคืจืฅ ืงืจื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืžื”ืœืš

ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”  02-05-2014



ื”ื”ืคื’ื ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืฆื™ืœื•ื: ืžืจื™ื ื” ื’ืจื•ื“ื™ื ืกืงื™ย 

ื›-250 ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืžืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืคื’ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื (ืฉืฉื™) ื‘ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืžื›ืก ืขืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืขื’ืœื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉืชื•ื‘ื ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ื”ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ืฉืœื˜ื™ื ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื "ื›ืŸ ืœืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื–ื•ืœ - ืœื ืžืขื ืงื™ื ืœืื“ื•ื-ืื“ื•ื!", "ื‘ืฉืจ ื–ื•ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ืœื ื• ื‘ื™ื•ืงืจ", "ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืกื•ื—ืจื™ ื‘ืฉืจ - ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ, ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ?".

ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช, ืฉื’ื•ื‘ืฉื” ืข"ื™ ืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ื™ื‘ื•ื˜ืœ ื”ืžื›ืก ืขืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืขื’ืœื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื” ื•ืžืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืก ืœื™ื‘ื•ื ืืœืคื™ ื˜ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ื‘ืงืจ ื˜ืจื™ ื•ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื—ืœื‘. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื™ื’ื“ืœ ื”ืกื‘ืกื•ื“ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช โ€“ 45 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ โ‚ช ื™ื•ืฉืงืขื• ื‘ืžืคื˜ืžื•ืช ืœืขื’ืœื™ื, 65 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ โ‚ช ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืจืคืชื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื‘, 24 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ โ‚ช ื‘ืฉื ื” ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ, ื•-4.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ โ‚ช ื™ื•ืงืฆื‘ื• ืœ"ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื•ืžื™ืชื•ื’ ืžื›ื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ื˜ืจื™.

ยป ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื? ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื ื• ืœืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง

ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืขื’ืœื™ื ืขืœื” ื‘ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ืงื“ืžื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื”. ืงื•ืืœื™ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื ืคื ืชื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื“ืื– ื’ืœืขื“ ืืจื“ืŸ, ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื”ืœื•ืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืืจื“ืŸ ืคื ื” ืœืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื“ืื– ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ืฅ, ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืžื›ืก ืขืœ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืขื’ืœื™ื ื ื‘ืœื. ื›ืขืช ื”ืžื”ืœืš ื ืฉืงืœ ืฉื ื™ืช.ย  ื”ืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืขืžื™ืจ ืคืจืฅ ืฉืœื— ืืชืžื•ืœ ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื”ืงื•ืจื ืœืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืžื”ืœืš ''ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชืขืœืœื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืฉืง ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™''.

ืžืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืื ื•ื ื™ืžื•ืก ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืชื ื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื ืžืกืจ: "ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืชื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื” ื•ืžืื™ืจื•ืคื”. ื™ื‘ื•ื ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฆืคื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืžื–ื•ื”ืžื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื—ืจื™ืคื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•. ืขื’ืœื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืฉื•ืจื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืกืข โ€“ ืจืง ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื ืžืชื• 1,795 ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœ ืชืงืœื” ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื” ื‘ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ืจื“ืŸ". ืขื•ื“ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœื” ื‘ืชืœื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ืจืง ืขืœื•. ''ื”ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ืžื”ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื ืœื ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื ืืœื ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ, ืฉื™ื™ื”ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืžื›ืก, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื ืžื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ โ€“ ืฉื™ื•ืฉืงืขื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ืžืคื˜ืžื•ืช ืขื’ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื•ืžื™ืชื•ื’ ื‘ืฉืจ".


ื”ื”ืคื’ื ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืชืœ-ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืฆื™ืœื•ื: ืžืจื™ื ื” ื’ืจื•ื“ื™ื ืกืงื™

ืžืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื’ืžื” ื™ืจื•ืงื” ื ืžืกืจ: "ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื”: ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืื•ื™ืจ ื•ื ื–ืงื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื, ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื–ื™ืง ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืœืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ WorldWatch ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื”ื—ื™ ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืœืœืžืขืœื” ืž-50% ืžืคืœื™ื˜ืช ื’ื–ื™ ื”ื—ืžืžื”. ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื›ืจื‘ืข ืžื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื”ืขื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ืฉื”ืคื—ื™ืชื• ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ. ืœืื•ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืœื•, ืื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื–ืœืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืจ-ืงื™ื™ืžื".

ืขื•"ื“ ื™ื•ืชื ืฉืœืžื”, ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ืงื” ืœืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื” ื•ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ, ืฉืœื— ืืชืžื•ืœ ืžื›ืชื‘ ื“ื—ื•ืฃ ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื–ื”ื™ืจ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืงืจืงืข, ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื•ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื. "ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ืขืœืช ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืชืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืœื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืจืื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืืœื•. ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืืœื• ื”ื•ื›ืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•"ื, ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื•ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™", ื›ืชื‘ ืขื•"ื“ ืฉืœืžื”.

ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ ืคืจืกื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2013 ืžืชื• 14,897 ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื” ืœืืกื™ื” ื•ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ. ื™ืขื“ ื”ื™ืฆื•ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื“ื•ื ื–ื™ื”, ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ืžื™ื•ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื” ืžืขืœ 100 ืืœืฃ ืขื’ืœื™ื ื•ื›ื‘ืฉื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืžื”ื™ื‘ื•ืื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืŸ "ืชื ื•ื‘ื”" ("ืื“ื•ื ืื“ื•ื") ื•"ื“ื‘ืื—".

ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ: ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืœื‘ื ื™ ืขืจื•ื‘ื” - ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ื›ืจื ืฉืœื•ื ืœืกื—ื•ืจื” ื—ืงืœืื™ืช

ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”

ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ: ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืœื‘ื ื™ ืขืจื•ื‘ื”


ืžื ื›''ืœ ืžื™ืœื•ืื•ืช ื•ืžื ื›''ืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืคื ื• ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ื“ื—ื•ืคื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืขื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื•ืช ืœืขื–ื”, ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืžื›ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืงืฉื” ืœืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ืขืจื•ื‘ื” ืฉืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื–ื” ื•ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™. ืžื ื›''ืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืžื–ื”ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืื ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ืคืชื— ืžื™ื“ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื”ืคื’ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘

ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”  29-04-2013


ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื: "ื”ื•ืจืืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ื›ืจื ืฉืœื•ื ืœืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื˜, ื’ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ืฉืจื™ืŸ ืœื ื–ืง ื•ืœื”ืคืกื“ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืขืฆื•ื ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ", ื›ืš ืืžืจ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ (ื‘') ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœื™, ืžื ื›"ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื‘ืช ืžื™ืœื•ืื•ืช. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื›ืกืคื™ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืขื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื.

ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืกื’ืจ ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืขื–ืชื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืขื–ื” ื‘ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ืฉืžื•ืขื‘ืจืช ืœืจืฆื•ืขื” ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ื ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื ื”ืจื•ืช. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš, ื›ืฉื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ื ืคืชื—ื™ื ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ื ืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื ืคื’ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื”ืžืชื ื”, ื•ืžืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืœื.

ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœื™ ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืžื–ืขืจ ืืช ื”ื ื–ืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื•ืคื ื” ื‘ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืคืกื“. ืืš ื’ื ื›ืืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉื ื”ื ื” ืž"ืืงื–ื™ื˜" ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืžื•ืฆืคื™ื, ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ื ื•ืชืจ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืืœื” ื”ืกื•ื—ืจื™ื.

"ืื ื• ื›ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืืช ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืฆืขื“ื™ ืขื ื™ืฉื” ืงืฉื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื™ืจื™ ืคืฆืž"ืจื™ื ืžืขื–ื” ื•ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•'' ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœื™ ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ''ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืืœื” ืชื•ืš ืžื–ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ื–ืงื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™. ื ื•ืฆืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ืคื›ื ื• ืื ื• ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœ"ื‘ื ื™ ืขืจื•ื‘ื”" ืžืฉื ื™ ืฆื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืชืจืก ืฉืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ''.

ืžื ื›''ืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช: ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืฉืกืง ื•ื”ื‘ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืงื˜ืกื˜ืจื•ืคื”

''ืขื ืคื™ ื”ื‘ื ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืกืง ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืงื˜ืกื˜ืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ืœืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื”''. ื›ืš ืžื–ื”ื™ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืœืŸ ืืฉืœ. ืขื•ื ืช ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืกืง ื‘ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื ืงืฆืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉื•ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืคืจื™ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื•, ืขืžืœ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื” ืฉืœืžื” ื™ื•ืจื“ ืœื˜ืžื™ื•ืŸ. ื’ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื ื ื•ืช ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืกืคืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืžื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืจื™ ืžืคืกื™ื“ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ื ื”. ื’ื ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื”ืชืคื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืื’ืกื™ื ืกื•ืคื’ื™ื ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืงืฉื”.

''ืกื’ื™ืจืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืœืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืขื•ื“ืคื™ื ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืงืจืกื•. ืื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืœื ื™ืฉืจื“ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืงืฉื” ื•ื™ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ื• ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ืžื–ื”ื™ืจ ืืฉืœ ื•ืงื•ืจื ืœืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื” ื™ืขืœื•ืŸ, ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื.

''ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉื™ื ืงืฅ ืœื™ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืœื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื›ืŸ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืœื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ืœืช, ื•ืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ืงืœืื™ื ื•ื‘ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื. ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืฉืืจื• ืกื’ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืขื ื”ืžืฉืื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืžื•ืกื•ืช ืคืจื™ ืœืงืจื™ื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืžื” ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ืกื™ืžืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ืื ื• ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืžืคืชื™ื—ื” ื•ืกื’ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื™ื ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ืœื›ืš ืงืฅ''.

ยป ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื? ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื ื• ืœืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง

ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืจื›ื” ืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืขืžืง ื™ื–ืจืขืืœ - ืกื™ื•ืจ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืžืง

ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”

ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืจื›ื” ืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืขืžืง ื™ื–ืจืขืืœ


ืžื–ื›''ืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ืกื™ื™ืจื• ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืขืžืง ื™ื–ืจืขืืœ ื•ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื. ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืื™ืœ ื‘ืฆืจ: ''ืชื ื•ืขื” ื—ื–ืงื” ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื•ืช. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืชื•ืจื ืœื—ื•ื–ืงื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื˜ืจืชื ื•''

ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”  15-5-2012


"ืขืžืง ื™ื–ืจืขืืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืคื ื™ื ื”ื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช. ื‘ืขืžืง ืžืชืคืชื—ืช ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืขืชื™ืจืช ื™ื“ืข ืœืฆื“ ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื‘ืจ ืžืคื•ืืจ ื‘ืŸ 100 ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ืขื ืงื“ืžื” ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื—ื“ืฉื ื™ืช, ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืขืชื™ื“ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœื”".ื›ืš ืืžืจ ืืชืžื•ืœ (ื‘') ืžื–ื›''ืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื•ืจ ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื” ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืขืžืง ื™ื–ืจืขืืœ.

ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืื™ืœ ื‘ืฆืจ ื”ืชืœื•ื•ื” ืœืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืฉื ืคื’ืฉื• ืขื ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื”, ื ื”ืœืœ, ืชืœ ืขื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืขืจื™ื. ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืžืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื” ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื”.

ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” ืกื™ื™ืจื” ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืจืคืช ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื”, ื•ื‘ืฆื™ืžืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืขืœื™ื”ื ืฉืงื•ืข ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืžื™ื™ื’ืขื™ื. ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืขืจืš ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืขื ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ ื•ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช, ื”ื•ืขืœืชื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ ื”ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจ. ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืืช ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื ื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื ืžืฉืš ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืžื ื”ืœ ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืขื•"ื“ ืขืžื™ืช ื™ืคืจื—, ืจืืฉ ืื’ืฃ ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ื•ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ืกื‘ื•ื›ื”, ื•ื›ื™ ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืžืœื•ื•ื” ืืช ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš, ืชืขืฉื” ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ืžื˜ืจืชื•.

ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื‘ืจืคืช ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืจืคืชืŸ ื”ื•ืชื™ืง ื•ื™ื•''ืจ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ ืขื•ืžืจ ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืืช "ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช", ื”ืœื•ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืคืจื” ืจื™ื ื” ืžืก' 925, ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ืช ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช "ื”ืคืจื” ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืคื”" ืฉืชื™ืขืจืš ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื‘ื ื‘ื‘ืืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื”.

ื‘ืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืœ ืขื“ืฉื™ื, ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืขืžืง, ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ื›-1,300 ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ื”ื•ืฆื’ื” ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ืœืชื ื•ืคืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืืกื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื. ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื™ืคื ื” ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื•ื”ืชืืžืช ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”. ืœืคื ื™ ื›ื ืก ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื ืขืจืš ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืขืจื™ื, ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ืžืคื’ืฉ ืขื ื•ืขื“ ืžื•ืฉื‘ ื ื”ืœืœ ื•ื‘ื• ื ื“ื•ื ื” ืกื•ื’ื™ืช ืื™ื•ืฉ ื”ื ื—ืœื•ืช ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื” ื•ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืคืชื—ื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ.

ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืขืžืง ื™ื–ืจืขืืœ ืื™ืœ ื‘ืฆืจ ืืžืจ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืกื™ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื— ืขืœ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืœืœื‘ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืขืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”. ื‘ืฆืจ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจื•ื—ื‘ื™ ื•ื™ืขื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืžื•ืœ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™, ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช. "ืชื ื•ืขื” ื—ื–ืงื” ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื•ืช. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืชื•ืจื ืœื—ื•ื–ืงื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื˜ืจืชื ื•".

ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 2010 - ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื -

ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”

ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 2010 - ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื


ืกืงื™ืจื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2010, ืžื•ื’ืฉืช ืžืืช ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœืžื—ืงืจ, ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ

ืžืขืจื›ืช ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช  23-6-2011


ืขื ืคืจืกื•ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ืœืฉื ืช 2010 , ืžื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœืžื—ืงืจ, ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืกืงื™ืจื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2010.

ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืชื‘ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”, ืขืœ ื”ืกืงื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ ืฉื”"ืž ื•ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงืจื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœืžื—ืงืจ, ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื”.

ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืชืคืจืกื ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื“ื•"ื— ืฉื ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ืคืจ 2010 , ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื•"ื— ืจื—ื‘ ื•ืžืงื™ืฃ.

ืœื“ื•''ื— ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืœืฉื ืช 2010 - ืœื—ืฆื• ื›ืืŸ


ืืงืœื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื’ื ื™ื - ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื’ื ื™ื

ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”

ืืงืœื™ื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื’ื ื™ื


ืœื ืจืง ืจื•ืกื™ื”, ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื” ื•ืคืงื™ืกื˜ืŸ, ื›ืขืช ื’ื ืกื™ืŸ ืกื•ื‘ืœืช ืžืžื–ื’ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉื™ืชืจื•ื ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ื, ืขื•ื’ื•ืช, ืคืกื˜ื” ื•ื—ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืงืจ

ืืคื•ืง ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก  30-8-2010


ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื’ืœ ื”ื—ื•ื ืฉืคืงื“ ืืช ืจื•ืกื™ื” ื•ื’ืจื ืœืฉืจื™ืคืชื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื“ื•ื ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื˜ื”, ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ืืกื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืจืงืข: ืกื™ืŸ ืกื•ื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื” ืžื‘ืฆื•ืจืช, ืกื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœื’ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆืคื•ืช ืฉื’ืจืžื• ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ืชื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœื ืกื™ืงื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื’ื ื™ื.

ืœื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ืžืœืื” ื‘'ืืคื•ืง ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก'